Balance sheet, income statement and statistical report — APR forms at any moment

The screens of this module are currently only in Serbian (the owner’s decision for v1). Labels below are shown in Serbian with the English meaning in brackets.

The Accounting add-on compiles the balance sheet and the income statement according to the forms of the APR (Business Registers Agency; the Rulebook on the Content and Form of Financial Statement Forms — Pravilnik o sadržini i formi obrazaca finansijskih izveštaja, „Službeni glasnik RS“ 89/2020) from the same journal entries that fill the partner ledger and the trial balance. There is no “processing” and no waiting for the end of the year: the balance sheet exists as at any date, the income statement for any period.

They are opened from the Accounting menu → Balance sheet / Income statement, or from the add-on’s home page.

What the form contains

Every row is a line on the form: the „Grupa računa“ (account group) column (the prescribed mapping of accounts to the line), the name with its label (A., I., 1.), the AOP code and the amounts. Lines with letter and Roman-numeral labels are totals calculated by the formulas on the form; lines with Arabic numerals are the “leaves” filled by accounts. Clicking a line opens the list of accounts that go into it, with the amounts in dinars — that is the check for the accountant.

The amounts are in thousands of dinars by default, as on the APR form. Rounding is consistent: the totals are calculated from the rounded lines, and the difference against the exact total is distributed to the lines with the largest remainder, so total assets remain equal to total equity and liabilities. For a check down to the dinar choose „u dinarima“ (in dinars).

Balance sheet

• As at a date — any date; the balance of every account up to that day, including the opening balance.
• The result of the current year before the year-end closing entries is derived from classes 5, 6 and 7 and shown on line 0410 (undistributed profit of the current year) or 0414 (loss of the current year); in the line’s list of accounts it stands with an asterisk (341*), because it is not a posting. The result of earlier years that were not closed in duplo goes to 0409/0413. After the closing entries the same form reads the result from accounts 341/351.
• The comparative columns (closing and opening balance of the previous year) are filled from the previous years’ entries; when there are no such entries, the opening balance entry made in the current year is taken as the closing balance of the previous year. When there is none either, the columns are empty and are completed in the APR application. The opening balance is not entered on top of existing previous-year entries — that would double the amounts.
• Checks: total assets = total equity and liabilities, and off-balance-sheet assets = off-balance-sheet liabilities. A mismatch is most often an opening balance entered in parts.

Income statement

• Period — by default from 1 January to today; income and expenses from the turnover of classes 5 and 6 in the period, plus income tax (721), deferred tax (722) and the sole trader’s personal drawings (723) when they are posted.
• The year-end closing entry (from Year-end closing) is not counted, so the form looks the same before and after the closing entries; income tax and the exchange differences at 31 December are separate entries and do enter the form. A manual entry with which someone closed classes 5 and 6 themselves is not recognised by the form — do the closing entries through Year-end closing.
• The comparative column is the same period of the previous year.
• The net profit (1055) of the income statement for the period from 1 January equals line 0410 of the balance sheet on the last day of that period.

Scope of the form

Micro legal entities applying the Rulebook for micro and other legal entities fill in only the lines with letter and Roman-numeral labels — choose the scope „Skraćeni (mikro)“ (Abbreviated — micro). Companies on IFRS for SMEs fill in the full form.

PDF and filing with the APR

The PDF button gives the form in the APR layout: company registration number (MB), activity code, PIB (tax ID), name and registered office from the company settings, the table with AOP codes and a place for the signature of the legal representative. The accountant copies the amounts into the APR application (the Special Information System for financial statements). duplo does not create an XML file for import into the APR application — the APR does not publish the file schema.

The activity code and the legal form are entered once in Company settings (the legal form selects the rules for a sole trader: equity on account 309, personal drawings on 723).

Statistical report

The Accounting → Statistical report page gives Annex 3 of the Rulebook (AOP 9001–9136) for the chosen year. Calculated from the books: the structure of inventory (III), the structure of share capital (IV), movements of intangible assets, equipment, land and biological assets (II — gross = debit turnover, decreases = credit turnover, accumulated depreciation = 019 and the depreciation sub-accounts from Fixed assets, e.g. 0239), the turnover of liabilities without the opening balance (VII), expenses and income by account (VIII, X), customs duties from customs debt assessments (XII) and the sole trader’s personal drawings. The number of employees (suggested from closed payroll runs), the ownership indicator, foreign capital, shares, dividends by sector, interest by type of creditor and receivables by type of debtor are required by the form, but the books do not have them — you enter them by hand.

Every cell can be overridden by hand: an empty field means calculated from the books (grey), an entered number is a manual value that wins and enters the check totals (blue). The values are in thousands of dinars (or a whole number where the form asks for a count), each row rounded separately, and the check totals are calculated by themselves. The comparative column is the same calculation for the previous year with the manual values entered there. The “(deo)” (part) lines (e.g. 529 → reimbursement of employee expenses, 562 → interest to banks) get the whole account as a suggestion that you allocate by hand. The checks against the balance sheet (9044 = 0031 + 0037, 9057 = 0402 + 0404) are shown as chips; the PDF is in the form layout for copying into the APR application.

What is not done

The Notes to the financial statements, the tax balance sheet (PB 1 / PB 2) and tax returns, the statements of other comprehensive income, of changes in equity and of cash flows (mandatory only for large and medium-sized legal entities). Lines that list the same account twice (“(deo)”, e.g. advances in the country and abroad, loans from banks and from other persons) get the whole account on the first line that lists it; the allocation is corrected in the APR application if needed.